What is an orthodontic retainer?

An orthodontic retainer is a device that is usually recommended to the patient after orthodontics and teeth alignment. Using an orthodontic retainer will ensure that your teeth are fixed in their new position. Because the teeth may return to their original place after the braces are removed, orthodontists consider this stage of treatment very sensitive and vital.
In fact, using an orthodontic retainer keeps the teeth stable and prevents orthodontic teeth from returning to their original state.
How long should I wear retainers?
The duration of using an orthodontic retainer is different for each patient, depending on his/her condition. Depending on the age of the patient, the degree of mobility of the teeth, the initial condition of the teeth and jaw, and the type of orthodontics, the time you have to wear retainers varies.
After installing the orthodontic retainer, it is better to visit your orthodontist regularly.
Types of orthodontic retainers
They are separated into two groups:
 Fixed:
A fixed orthodontic retainer consists of an archwire that is attached to teeth. You cannot remove it from the mouth. Since this orthodontic device is placed using wires and other fixed components, you need to visit your dentist to remove them.
Advantages:
Fixed retainer does not cause problems in speech. And because it is normally attached to the back surface of the teeth, it is not exposed at all. They are not easily damaged and
They are durable and can last for years.
Disadvantages:
Since the retaining wire is attached to the surface of the teeth, it provides a suitable place for the accumulation of plaque and food leftovers. And if you do not clean the surface of the tooth well, it will cause the accumulation of plaque and food particles around the teeth.
Non-fixed or movable‌ retainer:
1_ Howley retainer
It is one of the most common retainers. This retainer is mostly for the upper jaw, but it is also made for the lower jaw. This device consists of a plastic body and metal hook-like attachments. It allows you to easily take it off and put it back on when eating or drinking.
Advantages:
They are easy to install and remove, and they are adjustable. You can choose the color of the Hawley plastic retainer as you like, and it also does not change color easily. There is no restriction on the diet because you take it out when you eat.
Disadvantages:
The metal part of the Hawley retainer is easily visible in front of the teeth.
It can cause excessive production of saliva. The thickness of the plastic body of this retainer, especially behind the front teeth, may cause problems in speech and pronunciation.
2_ Essix
In fact, Essix retainer is like transparent trays (similar to Invisalign) that you fit over your teeth. It is completely made of plastic and has no metal parts. Using this type of orthodontic retainer is very simple and convenient. Every time to clean the teeth, you need to remove the Essix from the mouth. After cleaning the teeth, clean the Essix and put them back in place.
Advantages:
Essix retainers are easier to use. They are transparent and invisible. You can remove them and put them back whenever you want.
Disadvantages:
May need to be replaced annually. Essix retainer is made of clear plastic, and if you don't clean it well, it can become a source of bacteria and become discolored and stained. This type of retainer has a consumable aspect and must be remade once in a while.
Orthodontic retainer care
 If you use an orthodontic retainer, practice good oral hygiene. Otherwise, you may suffer from gingivitis and tooth decay. Because the orthodontic retainer is delicate, it may break, so it is better to be more careful when consuming food so as not to get into trouble.
Summary
It is necessary to use retainers after completing the orthodontic treatment period. The patient can use fixed or removable retainers according to his conditions and budget. Each of them has advantages and disadvantages, and orthodontists will help in choosing the retainer model for the patient.